Cells of the Immune System
- Lymphocytes are the central cells of the immune system, responsible for acquired immunity & the immunologic attributes of diversity, specificity, many and self/non-self recognition.
- Lymphocytes constitute 20% to 40% of the body's WBC and 99% of the cells in the lymph.
- Resting B & T-lymphocytes are small, motile, nonphagocytic cells, which can't be distinguished morphologically.
- In Go - phase of the cell cycle, B and T- lymphocytes are not interacted with antigen-referred to as "naive cells", which have generally short life span.
- Certain cytokines induces the naive cells to enter the cell cycle by progressing from G0 into G1 & subsequently into S, G2 & M.
- Lymphoblasts proliferate and differentiate into "Effector cells" (or) into "Memory cells".
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Effector cells: The functions in various ways to estimate the antigen. These cells have short life spans, generally ranging from a few days to few weeks
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Plasma cells: The antibody-secreting effector cells of the B-cell lineage have a characteristic cytoplasm that contains abundant ER(to support their rate of protein synthesis).
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The lymphocytes can be broadly subdivided into three populations - B-cells, T-cells, Null cells-on the basis of function and cell membrane components.
Other Cells are
B-Cells are involved in Humoral Immune response and
T-cells are involved in Cell mediated immune response.